Business Process Integration with Sap R/3 - 1295 Words

{draw:frame} Business process Management with SAP R/3 Index 1. Executive summary 2. ERP Introduction 2.1. Evaluation of ERP 2.2. Vendors of ERP 2.3 Advantages and disadvantages of ERP 3. Legacy Systems 3.1. Advantages 3.2. Disadvantages *3.3 Procurement of E*RP instead using legacy systems 4. * Nature of *SAP R/3 4.1. Advantages of SAP R/3 4.2. Disadvantages of SAP R/3 5. Business process integration in the procurement cycle of SAP ERP 5.1. Procurement life cycle 6. References 1. Executive summary: ERP introduction: 2.1. Evolution of enterprise resource planning (ERP) (E.M.Shebab et al, 2004): Stand in the market mrp was expanded with costing and marketing and named this as MRPII. The main purpose of†¦show more content†¦Data is automatically updated and reflected in remaining modules. SAP R/3 is a single and virtual file structure. Updating of files is done quickly. *4.2. Disadvantages*: Beneficial for large compani es only. Long implementation process. Project tracking and reporting deficiencies. User-friendliness to the rarely user. Accounting rules are difficult to understand. 5. Business process integration in the procurement cycle of SAP ERP: Steps involved in procurement: Determination of requirement: This is the most crucial step to analyse what exactly company has to procure. Depending upon the target company has to calculate or estimate the total quantity that is needed and at what time it should reach the company. This can be estimated automatically by using so called ERP package. Source of supply: After determining the requirement, we have to find the supplier who is capable of supplying the required raw material. After finding the supplier we need to request for quotation (RFQ) in the SAP and send to the potential vendors. The quotations that are sending by vendors are entered in SAP through RFQ’s reference. Vendor selection: Every company have the standards, based on the standards companies expect the same standards in the vendors. We need to check the price, quantity and delivery time required to supply the raw material. From all the tenders company selects theShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Mies Microsoft Dynamics Sl Implementation1747 Words   |  7 Pagestracking process (Boltena Gomez, 2012). B. Phase 2: System Definition (Blue Print) The defined scope of MIE’s Microsoft Dynamics SL implementation in phase 1 enables the creation of the Business Blueprint which is a detailed record of MIE s requirements presented in WinWord format. The second phase of the project included tasks like outlining new policies procedure, reviewing information flow, developing prototype of modules and defining external system interface. Therefore the expected deliverablesRead MoreCatalog Procurement Systems Present Risks That Should Be Identified And Addressed Essay753 Words   |  4 Pagesrisks that should be identified and addressed. 1) Process Risk - Operations Human resources risk if the personnel do not possess the requisite knowledge, skills or experience to manage the new process; Sourcing risk because there will be fewer alternative sources, thus increasing the risk of shortages; and Business interruption risk due to the dependence on a smaller number of suppliers who may be exposed to significant risks of their own. 2) Process Risk - Financial Price risk if there is not sufficientRead MoreSap Swot922 Words   |  4 PagesOverview of SAP SAP is the enterprise application software market leader, helping companies of all sizes and industries run better. 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Proud to be a Woman Fighting Female Genital Mutilation free essay sample

Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is a procedure that involves partial or total removal of the external female genitalia, or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. Usually, this practice is held in Africa for religious beliefs. However, 18 % of professional health care providers perform this practice, and this trend keeps on increasing. FGM is internationally seen as a violation to human rights. Yet, 100 million girl each year undergo Female Genital Mutilation in Africa. This practice has no health benefits to women. It actually, damages healthy female organs, and interferes with natural courses in girls’ and women’s bodies. Some instant complications include severe pain, haemorrhage ( heavy bleeding),shock, tetanus or sepsis (bacterial infection), open sores in the genital, and injury to healthy tissues. Most girls die just a few days after the procedure takes place. Those who survive, suffer from long-term complications such as recurrent bladder and urinary tract infections,cysts, infertility,an increased risk of childbirth complications and newborn deaths. We will write a custom essay sample on Proud to be a Woman: Fighting Female Genital Mutilation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Others have to undergo life-threatening surgeries to eliminate these complications. While others cannot afford it. FGM is mostly practice in Muslim countries in the west, Christian Copts in Egypt and Sudan, Beta Israel in Ethiopia and various animist groups. FGM is often motivated beliefs about what is considered proper sexual behaviour, linking procedures to premarital virginity and marital loyalty. It is believed that this practice, lowers a woman’s libido, and helps her to resist illicit sexual behaviours. However, research consultant Ellen Gruenbaum stated that FGM â€Å"is not mandated by religious scriptures†. Yet, millions of religious girls suffer form this torture. Female Genital Mutilation is internationally seen as a violation to human rights of girls and women. This practice renacts profound inequality between the two sexes. It deduces deep-rooted discrimination towards women and young girls. Since it is usually carried out on minors, it is also seen as a violation to children rights. Minors are not aware of what they are put through. This practice also violates a human’s rights to security, health and physical integrity. Women in Africa should be free from torture and cruelty used to dehumanise or degrade their bodies . Not to mention the right of life, for the procedure results in death. In December 2012, the UN General Assembly accepted a resolution about the elimination of FGM. However, 60,000 girls are mutilated everyday in Africa. Even health professionals practice this unhealthy procedure on women. It is an unhealthy procedure that humiliates women. Even though many view it as a religious ritual, it is not demanded by any religious scripts. How will our society continue to develop, if we allow our women to be tortured to death, and discriminated, for non-valid reasons?

Civil War Essays (1029 words) - Slavery, , Term Papers

Civil War As I sat thinking about what to write about i started to realize that slavery and war were the two things that at leat keep me going and I knew i could say alot on both. I couldnt quite figgure out how i was going to join the two until i did some research and other reading and started to remember the civil war and its purposes. I not one to into history but i came across some very interesting information which i felt could bring my points of view out quite effectively. So here it is my feelings and viewpoints on Slavery during, within, and after the civil war. The Civil War was doubly tragic because it was completely unnecessary. Slavery had been ended in other nations with the stroke of a pen, and yet in the mighty United States the country was willing to go to war over the issue of whether slavery should remain. The southerners felt that it was their constitutional right to own slaves and did not see a time when they should be required to give up that right. However, upon the election of Lincoln as President, the southerners felt threatened, and felt their slave holding rights were being threatened, and in an effort to protect these rights they chose to secede from the union. Why would any one person want to own another human being with the same intestines, some of the same feelings yet a different color for their own good . This was quite crazy if you ask me , I feel that the southerners should have felt threatened and that if what they were doing were so right why feel so threatened about doing it.The northerners and Lincoln saw the importance of maintaining a united country, set out to bring back the seceded states. Thus the Civil War began. During the civil war many Americans were either killed or wounded, this number was only surpassed by World War II. While the civil war originally began as a quest to bring the southern states back to the union. However, the goal of the war did soon change to that of abolition. While the war may have seemed necessary to the soldiers and governments who were participating, in retrospect it was unnecessary. In three separate European countries, slavery had been abolished prior to the American Civil War, and each without arms being raised. Slavery had been abolished in Britain in 1838, Sweden in 1848, and in Holland in 1863. It indeed could have similarly been abolished in the United States. However, the southerners, who were dependent on the slave institution, refused to give up their right to own slaves easily. Had the South been more progressively thinking many lives would have been saved and blood need not have been shed in the name of slavery. This is particularly true because if the south had given up their right to free labor (slavery), they would have soon received the gift of mechanical labor. Indeed they might have profited more from the use of the machines which were soon to be invented, as they did not require housing, and food. However, the southerners were deeply rooted in their institution of slavery and were prepared to go to war over their feelings. Did it ever come to mind that the slaves were to willing to got o war over their own freedom. If one were to ask that question then that would have been a war too unforgotten. Duuring this war the battlefields were transformed into shambles where during the duration of the war 634,703 union soldiers were killed or wounded, and 335,524 confederate soldiers were killed or wounded. Indeed this was the second most intense war second to World War II. In the civil war 3,846 soldiers from both the union army and the confederate army were killed per month of fighting. This clearly shows the intensity of the battle and the strong will which drove both sides to continue fighting in the face of such catastrophe. The financial burden endured by both sides was astronomical for the time period. The union force spent a combined 3.2 billion dollars which in terms of current currency values is 27.3 billion dollars. The confederacy spent two billion or 17.1 billion dollars. This is the price both sides were willing to pay in the name of slavery. The North and South went to war over the issue of slavery and endured a great expense in terms of human lives, and money. They

About Nickel Dimed Essays

About Nickel Dimed Essays About Nickel Dimed Paper About Nickel Dimed Paper Barbara Ehrenreich’s non-fiction bestseller, Nickel and Dimed, is the story of an essay writer who went undercover as a low wage worker to find out how non-skilled workers make ends meet. The experiment took place in Florida, Maine, and Minnesota, with the author finding a job and lodgings in each location. The experiment was to be held for one month in each location, working full time and living only off the amount of money earned in low-wage jobs. The goal was to determine whether or not the author could both live off the money earned and have enough money at the end of the month to pay the next month’s rent. The purpose of Ehrenreich’s book is simply to determine if she â€Å"could match income to expenses, as the truly poor attempt to do every day. † Working different jobs in restaurants, a hotel, a nursing home, a cleaning service, and at a major retailer Ehrenreich finds the truth – it is nearly impossible to match income and expense on wage income. Her research shows that a strong â€Å"work ethic† is often not enough to provide necessities like shelter, food, and transportation. For people who work in restaurants, hotels, retail stores, and other service jobs the pay is simply not enough to work your way up the ladder of success. Barbara undertakes life as a person that earns poverty-level wages. The book is a real eye opener to what you can actually do for six to seven dollars an hour. The theme of this book is, from my view, you never realize what you have until it is gone. People all across the United States of America live without some of our necessities because they cant afford much more than shelter and food. Barbara shows in this book that living on minimum wage is possible, but barely. My analysis of the theme in this book is very important for people to see and understand that the group of people who earn the bare minimum wage is probably what you wouldnt suspect. Most Americans believe all those who are poor and homeless are those without a job, only surviving on a little amount received through governmental aid. But in this book, we learn that is no always true. People can still have a job living in the same conditions as someone who doesn’t have a job. They can just have very low-wage jobs. These low-wage jobs hourly pay from the $5. 15 mandatory minimum to the mere but reputable $10 wage. At this salary one may not seem noticeably poor, however factor in the needed expenses of housing, food, childcare, and transportation, one may dwindle into poverty. With an increasing amount of low wage workers from such communities as those of welfare recipients, the employment opportunity is becoming scarce forcing one to migrate in order to accomplish the best salary, leaving a more stressful lifestyle with many more hardships to endure.

The impact of internet payment systems upon the retail sector Essay

The impact of internet payment systems upon the retail sector - Essay Example One of the most classical and beneficial advancements of the internet, that has been critically beneficial for growing cross-border trade and commerce, has been the internet payment system or e-trading concept; some other titles for the same are e-shopping, e-business, e-marketing – where ‘e’ simply implies conducting transactions via electronic medium. Classically, ‘shopping’ or ‘purchases’ took place face-to-face i.e. purchase against cash. With the advancements of the banking system, some purchases moved against the cheque system, and then against credit cards – plastic money. However, the arrival of the ‘e’ age, it became critical to have a reliable source of payments since purchases technically took place over the internet. Such situation gave birth to the need of a medium of payment other than credit and debit cards. Subsequently, there came third-party payment systems such as PayPal, Bank-transfers, Alert-Pay, E -Gold, etc. With the advancements of ‘e’ purchases, such third-party systems have assisted in providing enhanced sales. The Impact of Internet Payment System on Retail Sector The retail sector has significantly benefited from the advent and advancements of the internet payment system. In particular, as the said system has eased the process of e-shopping with added security features. Initially, this turned out to be a huge competitive edge for the smaller retailers as they embedded e-shopping along with internet payment systems, providing the ease of shopping from home comfort to the customers, pushing the competing bigger names to adapt the same strategy. However, initially, the advantages of this internet payment system were not known to be gone as far as they are today. In the initial phase, it was just assumed to provide comfort and ease of shopping, reducing the cost of selling for the seller, increasing margins, reducing the waiting-line phenomenon to a higher degr ee. Today, the cross-functional advancement of the MIS has led the firms into realizing the long-run potential of the various aspects of such payment systems. Prior to such advancements, the concept of home delivery and cash-on-delivery prevailed, which was not very encouraged by the retailers across the world in all sectors and industries. Fake order placements and false addressing were common issues; but internet based payment systems have reduced such issues to a much greater extent, and also made the consumer market much more mature. As a buyer now knows that internet based payment system reveals complete identity and contact information, and with IP tracking facility over the internet, there are lesser chances of individuals involving themselves in such or similar activities. The first and foremost advantage of the internet payment system is the ease of marketing for the marketers; marketers rely solely on the information and crave for reliable and authentic sources of informat ion. When purchases are made through paper money, the buyer remains unknown to the seller. However, when plastic money and internet payment systems are involved, the buyer no more remains anonymous; rather the buyer along with the buying habits and practices becomes visible to the marketer, and thus, marketers can develop groups and strata and segments to ensure that they target the right audience with the right combination of products and services. When it comes to e-marketing, marketers need as accurate of a data as possible, primarily due to the fact that e-marketing relies heavily on reaching the right customer –

Theater Preserving Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Theater Preserving Culture - Essay Example Theater supplies learners with skills that are creative, easily influenced and that easily fit changes and developments that enable them to express themselves, critically examine the world around them and actively engage in the different aspects of human existence (UNESCO p. 5) as audiences compare observations to real life situations. The concepts presented through the theater in a way, when placed side by side with the culture that is currently observed, can result to the creation of new morals and laws that can establish improvements in the practices of certain groups of people. The presentation of cultures on the stage offers enlightening information about peoples, explain what they do, why they do this or that, and in effect, making people aware of the existence of such and such culture. As the world now learns to embrace diversity, there is also a sense coming that cultural differences should be accepted as well. In fact, different cultures seem to spice up the lives of other cultures as they are presented, because in some ways, cultures are observed to be related with each other. This then leads to an even more interesting study of the origin of nations, tribes, clans and families which points to the centuries-old mystery of the origin of man. As cultures are expressed through the theater, people not only learn about them but through the artistic view of the audiences, some relevant improvements may come from them. The artistic abilities of viewers can be activated or improved through the replay of cultures in the stage.

Benefits of Genetically Modified (GM) Foods to Human Health

Benefits of Genetically Modified (GM) Foods to Human Health Introduction Genetically modified food, also known as GM food refer to foodstuff such as animals or plants that had their genetic makeup altered to make them grow bigger, stay fresher and other benefits that will make human life more simple. The concept of genetically modified (GM) foods has existed for many years. Cross-breeding of plants, such as different types of corn, has been applied before with the purpose of transferring a desirable trait from one plant species to another (Whitman, 2000). However, a substantial amount of time is required to obtain a specific result. This is because all of the genes are pooled together and numerous attempts are required for the production of offsprings with the preferred trait. Tomatoes are the first GM crop introduced to the world. Tomatoes developed by Monsanto came into the market in 1994 after approval by the US FDA. In 2008, US FDA consultation procedures on bioengineered foods were completed by a total of 111 bioengineered food products. According to Grocery Manufacturers of America, genetically engineered plants are the ingredients for between 70 percent and 75 percent of all processes foods available in U.S. grocery stores (centerforfoodsafety.org, n.d.). Advocates of GM foods such as economists, scientists, researchers hail from various sectors, as well as from agricultural and food industries. Although genetically modified foods arises many concerns regarding its safety and consequences of consumption, the real question posed by the society is whether these GM foods should be banned for the benefit of mankind. Even if GM foods have been known to trigger allergic reactions and toxicities, is environmentally hazardous and costly, it should not be banned because it is confirmed to be beneficial to human health, environmentally friendly and able to improve the quality and quantity of yields. This report is mainly focused on the benefits of GM food towards mankind. The reasons why GM foods should not be banned are as conveyed in this report. The comments and personal views of numerous professionals are included in this report to show the evident benefits of GM foods. This report is not confined to any particular region or country but is assessed from a global point of view. This is due to GM foods being present in almost all countries worldwide. Additionally, to fulfill ever-increasing needs of humans, conventional crops are genetically being replaced by GM crops. Benefits to human health GM food brings many advantages to mankind. First of all, GM food that was engineered genetically is able to sustain favorable human health and enrich the wellbeing of its consumers. This is because it can remove the malnutrition problem faced by the current world and GM crops can be modified to become edible vaccines to reduce vulnerability towards diseases. Malnutrition problems can be solved by introducing GM foods enhanced with nutrition that humans are lacked of, such as vitamin D and iron that will cause rickets in children or osteoporosis in aged adults as well as iron deficiency. Susceptibility to a certain disease can be reduced if edible vaccines are added into the GM foods such as the GM banana (Whitman, 2000). Hepatitis B can be prevented by eating such genetically modified bananas. 2.1 Solves malnutrition problems Genetically modified foods can remove malnutrition problems faced by mankind today. Vitamins and minerals can be inserted into GM crops such as GM rice to make humans healthier. GM rice contains high amounts of Vitamin A compared to non-GM rice. The enhancement of vitamin A in GM rice will be able to result in the treatment of diarrhea in infants to be significantly easier as well as reducing the likelihood of chances of humans being diagnosed with night blindness (Gola, 2005). The other malnutrition problem often faced by humans is iron deficiency. According to the World Health Organization (2009), approximately two billion people prove to be tested positive for iron deficiency. As such, researchers have invested in GM rice by intensifying the iron content in polished rice to solve the iron deficiency problem. The genes that were inserted into the GM foods have a positive effect on the accumulation of iron in the rice kernel that causes the GM rice to contain 6 times more iron compared to the original variety (ScienceDaily, 2009). 2.2 Some GM crops possess medical advantages Some GM crops are modified to become edible vaccines that can reinforce the immune system of humans. Some GM crops have been inserted with DNA sequences encoding for antibodies into their genome (Dickinson, 2009). This enables the crops to produce antibiotics in their cells. GM crops such as banana, tomato and potato have been altered to contain bacterial or rotavirus antigens. Large scaled immunizations can be made by introducing edible vaccines to patients, rendering the vaccinations of these diseases considerably easier, painless, and accessible. Per se, antibodies contained in such GM foods will be able to enhance the immune system of human bodies to combat against pathogens when consumed orally. Therefore, it will not be uncommon in the near future when humans can merely ingest GM tomatoes instead of waiting in line to see a doctor. Hazards to human health Opponents of GM foods claim that GM foods are potentially risky to human health. They assert that GM foods will trigger allergenicity in the human body should it be eaten. There is a possibility that a new allergen will be created and result in susceptible individuals exhibiting symptoms of allergic reactions when a foreign gene is introduced into a crop. Though so, this affirmation is weak. GM foods are genetically engineered to have their allergenic-causing proteins to be removed. As such, they do not contain potentially harmful proteins as compared to non-GM foods such as peanuts, cereals and eggs. Producing hypoallergenic GM foods would be a desired commodity as these foods will possess the ability to notably decrease the danger of adverse reactions. This offers the possibility of consumption by allergen-sensitive individuals, enabling to enjoy the pleasure of being able eat foods on par with normal people (Herman, 2003). Besides that, GM crops will reduce herbicides on crops that may cause reactions in our bodies. GM crops that are modified to be resistance to insects will reduce the amount of herbicides used by farmers that will cause health problems. Hormonal signaling in human cells has been discovered to be altered by a common weed killer in U.S. (ScienceDaily, 2008). In another case claimed by Gammon (2009), a top selling weed killer, Roundup, has been found to magnify the toxicity in human cells. Hence, GM crops that are enhanced with resistance towards pests are able to completely eliminate the use of herbicides and weed killers, thereby protecting consumers from herbicide-induced ailments. Environmentally friendly One of the benefits introducing GM foods is that the plantation of GM crops is environmentally affable. Currently, our world is afflicted with the issue of pollution. To rectify this problem, GM crops are modified to resistance to insect and pest attack as well as to herbicides. Additionally, another process which is applied in an effort to make GM crops environmentally friendly is phytoremediation. Therefore, pollution can be greatly reduced and eventually be eliminated altogether. 3.1 Resistance to insect and pest GM crops can be genetically engineered to show resistance toward pests. GM crops can be genetically altered to contain a gene which encodes for a specific protein which is toxic to pests. Farmers typically use many tons of chemical pesticides annually. Consumers do not wish to eat food that has been treated with pesticides because of potential health hazards, and excess waste due to agricultural use of pesticides and fertilizers could potentially pollute and harm the environment. The application of chemical pesticides can be eliminated through the growing of GM crops such as B.t. corn. B.t. corn is engineered to possess genes in their genetic make-up that encode for the creation of B.t. toxin which only specifically responsive to particular species of insect larvae and will not affect others life forms. Other environmentally friendly characteristics of B.t. toxins include biodegradability and safe for other living organisms. Varieties of sugar beet as well as winter oil-seed which have been modified to induce tolerance towards specific herbicides were scrutinized by the Bright project (Black, 2004). 3.2 Phytoremediation Phytoremediation is defined as the rectification of environmental issues through the usage of plants which alleviate the environmental problem without the need to relocate and dispose contaminant materials somewhere else. Crops of GM foods can be genetically altered to exhibit preferable characteristics, especially the ability of certain plants called hyperaccumulators to bioaccumulate, degrade or render harmless contaminants in soils, water or air (Wikipedia, 2010). For instance, genes in trees can be manipulated and conformed to absorb more carbon dioxide gas, CO2 and hence, would reduce the risk of global warming. Heavy metal pollution in contaminated soil and groundwater sources can also be assuaged by the use of such plants. Quoting Kochian (2004), Contaminated soils and waters pose major environmental, agricultural and human health problems worldwide. These problems may be partially solved by an emerging new technology phytoremediation. Pollution and contamination of the soil Opponents of GM foods claim that herbicide-resistant crops will only encourage farmers to increase the amount of herbicide used as the crops are already immune to the herbicide used and will not be affected. In order to kill pests that will harm the crops, they increase the quantity of the certain herbicide used to eradicate pests extensively. This results in pollution of the soil due to excessive usage of herbicides to kill pests at a faster rate to reduce harm inflicted upon the crops, thereby rendering the piece of land infertile or that crops grown on it may contain traces of pollutants and is hazardous should they be consumed. However, that claim is merely an assumption. As avowed by Monsanto (n.d.), the application of herbicide-resistant crops is able to decrease the number of herbicide sprays needed to keep pests at bay and this will promote environmentally reliable herbicide usage, even when used in moderation. For some crops, it is not cost-effective to remove weeds by physical means such as tilling, so farmers will often spray large quantities of different herbicides (weed-killers) to destroy weeds, a time-consuming and expensive process, which requires care so that the herbicide does not harm the crop plant or the environment. Crop plants genetically-engineered to be resistant to one effective herbicide could help prevent environmental damage by reducing the amount of herbicides needed. For example, Monsanto has created a strain of soybeans genetically modified to be not affected by their herbicide product Roundup. A farmer growing these soybeans will then only require one type of weed-killer in moderate amounts instead of multiple types, hence reducing production cost and limiting the dangers of agricultural waste run-off. Improve the quality and quantity With the population of the world growing substantially each year, significant amounts of stress are placed on resources of land fit for plantation, water, energy, as well as other biological reserves to supply sufficient food whilst sustaining the coherence of the ecosystem. As affirmed by the World Bank and the United Nations, roughly 1 to 2 billion humans suffer from malnourishment, signifying a sign of scarce food supply, low incomes and sparse allocation of food supplies (Pimentel, Huang, Cordova, Pimentel, 1996). Introduction of GM foods have greatly alleviated the problem. GM crops are modified to produce greater amounts of yield and increase the nutritional value in crop-derived foods. 4.1 Solution for world foods crisis Substantial amounts of yield are able to solve the world food crisis. Desperate pleas for richer, better-off countries to utilize genetic engineering in elucidating famines are a result of thousands losing their lives daily and millions on the verge of starvation. By revising the genetic make-up of plant strains, biotechnology will be able notably lessen world hunger. Crops can be engineered to resist diseases, resulting in the quantity of yield succumbing to disease to decrease. In another case, cold-resistant crops are able to benefit countries enduring from winter the whole year round. Extremely limited variants of crops are able to be cultivated in such countries due to the extreme condition of the environment present. By assimilating a gene enabling the crop to withstand such low temperatures, the range of crops planted will be increased and the amount of crops dying from the coldness is reduced. 4.2 Increase the quality of crops The quality of GM crops is considerably higher than unmodified crops due to their greater shelf life. When a crop ripens, bacteria and fungi are attracted, further catalyzing the decomposing process. For example, firmer tomatoes possess a higher substance to water ratio, causing them to rot at a slower, much delayed rate. In addition, the exterior appearance and flavor of the fruit are not influenced, the fruit is able to endure longer transportations which require more time, and harvest of the GM crop can be done simultaneously. Economic concern Adversaries of GM foods assert that the introduction of GM foods will give rise to economic concerns. Commercialization of GM foods is expensive and time-consuming, and agri-biotechnological companies are keen on ensuring profitable revenue for their investments. As numerous techniques for genetic manipulation and GM crops have been patented, copyright violation is among one of their biggest apprehensions. This will thereby increase the price of seeds to the extent that small-scale farmers and third world countries are unable to afford the cost of these seeds, thereby widening the wedge between the wealthy population and the poor. Though so, this argument is weak and has no sound base. Farmers stand the opportunity to reap exponential amounts of profit from the cultivation of GM crops. Money is able to be saved on the amounts of pesticides used, and a shorter period of time is required to produce desirable yield. GM foods are precise in their make-up, and unwanted genes can be replaced with preferred genes incorporated with the various benefits and advantages. Such crops are also able to be modified to exhibit resistance towards droughts or tolerance to salinity. With the world population increasing at an alarming rate and more land is required for development instead of plantation, farmers may be able plant crops on land formerly unsuitable for growing of crops. GM crops able to thrive and flourish in unfavorable conditions and extreme environments will then be able to benefit mankind. 5.0 Recommendations Firstly, GM foods should be legalized and commercialized throughout the world. Governments should show their encouragement by funding and investing in research regarding the production and testing of GM foods. Scientists must also expose the benefits and safety of GM food consumption to the public to comfort their doubts regarding GM foods. In addition, the price of GM foods must be controlled and subsidized by the government. By doing so, GM food can then be afforded by the working-class population. Advocates of GM food should show their support for the legalization of GM foods by purchasing GM food stuffs and spreading news of the benefits of GM foods. However, research and the creation of GM foods must be closely monitored so that products that might harm its consumers are not created under any circumstances. Numerous safety tests and examinations must be carried out to ensure its side effects are not harmful to human health. By doing so, better prospects for mankind can unfold in the future where world starvation and malnutrition is no longer a crisis, and human health can be maintained through the intake of GM foods. 6.0 Conclusion GM foods have raised much controversy in many nations throughout the world. People are still indecisive in their choice to consume products containing GM foods. It stands to be true that doubts concerning GM foods were widespread when first introduced to the public, but through many years of experimental analysis as well as safety tests, GM foods have been confirmed to be safe for human consumption with numerous benefits as a bonus. In fact, GM foods are essential now in resolving the crisis of hunger and scarcity of food around the world. Acceptance of GM foods are beginning to increase significantly over the years as more and more people are convinced of their benefits in terms of cost, health, and nature. Therefore, it cannot be denied that GM foods should be legalized for the benefit of mankind. As mentioned in the report, GM foods promote good human health, are environmentally friendly and (). Hence, it is irrefutable that its advantages totally outweigh its drawbacks and that GM foods are the way to go in ensuring a brighter future for us and for the whole world.